概览
六和塔位于钱塘江北岸月轮山上，始建于北宋开宝三年（970 年），是吴越国为镇江潮而建，取佛教「六和敬」之义。塔外观十三层、内部七层，通高近 60 米，砖砌塔身保留南宋遗构，是俯瞰钱塘江与钱塘江大桥的最佳去处。1961 年六和塔列入首批全国重点文物保护单位。[1]
历史沿革
开宝三年吴越国王钱弘俶命智元禅师建塔以镇潮患，塔畔开化寺同时兴建。北宋宣和年间塔毁于兵火，南宋绍兴年间重建砖身，现存塔身砖构即为南宋遗物；清代光绪年间加建外部木檐，形成「七明六暗」的层檐格局。乾隆帝南巡登塔题字，「六和听涛」列入西湖新景。塔名「六和」亦取天地四方和合安定之意。[1]
看点
塔内砖雕须弥座遍布花卉、飞禽、走兽图案，是宋代砖雕艺术珍品；沿木梯盘旋登顶，每层视野渐宽，钱塘江大桥与滚滚江流尽在脚下。塔苑内陈列全国各地名塔微缩模型；山下钱塘江大桥建成于 1937 年，是茅以升主持设计的中国首座双层铁路公路两用桥。塔旁的开化寺遗址尚存清代殿宇。[1]
参观贴士
乘公交至六和塔站下车，登塔楼梯较陡窄，全程约一个半小时。每年农历八月十八钱塘江大潮期间，这里是观潮佳处之一，但人潮汹涌须早到占位。平日傍晚登塔看江上落日同样壮观；可与九溪烟树、云栖竹径串联游览。登塔木梯仅容一人通过，上下需相互礼让。塔下的六和塔苑还可顺道一游，清幽少人。[1]
Overview
On Moon-wheel Hill above the Qiantang River's north bank, Liuhe Pagoda — the Pagoda of Six Harmonies — was built in 970 by the Wuyue kingdom to calm the river's tidal bore, its name drawn from the Buddhist 'six harmonies.' Thirteen tiers show outside over seven inner levels, rising nearly 60 meters, with a Song-dynasty brick core overlooking the river and the great bridge.
King Qian Hongchu ordered the pagoda and its Kaihua Temple in 970; burned in the late Northern Song, the brick body was rebuilt in the Shaoxing era of the Southern Song, and Qing carpenters added the outer wooden eaves, giving the 'seven bright, six dark' rhythm of tiers. The Qianlong Emperor climbed and inscribed it on his southern tours. Inside, carved brick pedestals of flowers and beasts are Song treasures, and the riverside Qiantang River Bridge of 1937, designed by Mao Yisheng, was China's first double-deck rail-and-road bridge.
Take the bus to Liuheta stop; the stairs are steep and narrow — allow ninety minutes. During the great tidal bore around the eighteenth day of the eighth lunar month the hill is a prime but packed vantage point. An ordinary evening climb for the river sunset is just as grand, and the pagoda pairs well with Nine Creeks and the Yunqi bamboo path.
