概览
大明宫遗址位于西安市区东北部，是唐代长安城「三大内」中最宏伟的宫殿群，面积约 3.2 平方公里，相当于四座故宫。自唐高宗起先后有 17 位皇帝在此理政二百余年。2010 年遗址公园建成开放，2014 年作为「丝绸之路」遗产点列入世界文化遗产。[1]
历史沿革
大明宫始建于唐贞观八年（634 年），原名永安宫，是唐太宗为太上皇李渊修建的夏宫；龙朔二年（662 年）高宗大规模扩建后移居于此听政。唐末战乱中宫殿化为废墟，宫城基址沉睡地下千余年。二十世纪五十年代起系统考古勘探，含元殿、麟德殿、丹凤门等遗址陆续揭示。[2]
看点
含元殿是举行元日、冬至大朝会的正殿，夯土台基高出地面十余米，登临可想见「九天阊阖开宫殿」的气势；丹凤门遗址博物馆复现了五门道城楼的雄姿；太液池波光依旧；遗址公园内的大明宫微缩景观与主题影院则帮助复原盛唐宫殿全貌。麟德殿是皇帝宴饮观乐之所，台基规模宏大。[2]
参观贴士
地铁 4 号线大明宫站、含元殿站可达。公园公版区广阔，收费核心区（丹凤门博物馆、遗址展馆、微缩景观）建议购票进入，乘电瓶车串联各遗址点约需半天。园区空旷少遮阴，夏季务必防晒；傍晚在含元殿台基上看落日，气象最为苍茫。游客中心可租借讲解器，遗址类景区强烈建议使用。[2]
Overview
In northeastern Xi'an, the Daming Palace was the grandest of Tang Chang'an's three great palace complexes, sprawling across 3.2 square kilometers — about four Forbidden Cities. Seventeen emperors governed from here over two centuries. The archaeological park opened in 2010, and in 2014 the site joined the Silk Roads World Heritage property.
Founded in 634 as a summer palace for the retired emperor, it was vastly expanded from 662 and became the Tang seat of power until the dynasty's fall left it in ruins. Systematic archaeology since the 1950s has revealed the Hanyuan Hall, Linde Hall, and Danfeng Gate. The rammed-earth terrace of Hanyuan Hall still rises more than ten meters; the Danfeng Gate museum recreates the five-archway entrance; and a scale model in the park restores the vanished splendor of the 'Palace of Great Brilliance.'
Take subway Line 4 to Daminggong or Hanyuandian Station. The outer park is free; buy a ticket for the core zone (gate museum, site halls, miniature landscape) and use the shuttle to link the ruins — about half a day. Shade is scarce, so bring sun protection, and catch the sunset from the Hanyuan terrace for the most evocative view.
